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The Birtwhistles of Craven and Galloway
Acknowledgements The author wishes to thank Robert Birtwhistle and Geoff Sharwood Smith, descendants of John Birtwhistle (1714-1787), for their considerable help in researching their forebears, and for permission to reproduce the artwork of family members. He would like to thank Frances Rouse, a descendant of J.G.Barnard, Anna Jane Vardill’s printer, for information about the Barnard family, John and Anna Jane Vardill’s involvement with the Barnard family, and permission to reproduce the picture of James Barnard. Thanks are due to Susan Snell of the Library and Museum of Freemasonry for information about John and Anna Jane Vardill’s connections with freemasonry and to John Snoad for information about the involvement of Agnes and Anna Niven in Carleton. Thanks are due to the depositor of the Attic Chest at the Derbyshire Record Office, Matlock, for permission to reproduce A Fairy’s Song, and to the American Antiquarian Society for permission to reproduce Liberty Triumphant of the Downfall of Oppression. For help in identifying sources relevant to South West Scotland the author would like to thank Dr David Steel, Mr James Williams, Dr David Devereux, Mr John Pickin, Mrs Anna Campbell, Mr John Russell, Mrs Marion Rochester and Cathy Gibb, who discovered the letters written by Nerva in the Dumfries Weekly Journal. The cover illustration of Gatehouse of Fleet in 1852 is courtesy of The Stewarty Museum, Kirkcudbright. Particular thanks are due to Gill Jones of Long Preston, for her considerable help with proof reading and other editorial matters. Appendices This section reproduces a small cross section of Anna Jane Vardill’s work, in chronological order, page numbers indicating where the items are discussed in the text Appendix 1. The Rights of Women from Poems and Translations of 1809 by a Lady, p57-87 (copies may be found in the British Library) (see page 33). Appendix 2. A Fairy’s Song, a contribution by Ann Vardill to the Attic Chest ( 7^th season Notebook 71, 22 Feb 1815, ref D3311 at the Derbyshire Record Office) (see page 36) Appendix 3. Lady Ann of Pembroke in 1819 from the European Magazine Vol. 76 1819 pps 105-110. This piece was written in Skipton in July 1819, and is discussed on page 40. It may be helpful for those not acquainted with the history of Craven to know that Anna Vardill uses three different titles for her characters in this composition, based on historic titles for the families which held Skipton castle in earlier centuries - her Lord of the Manor in 1819 was named de Romille, after the family which held Skipton castle estate in medieval times, when the young heir drowned in the Strid. - her heiress in 1819 was named Lady Ann of Pembroke in 1819, the Lady of the Manor after the Civil War. Pembroke was one of the titles of the last of the Cliffords to hold Skipton castle, who is today better known as Lady Ann Clifford. Appendix 4 St Valentine’s Eve, or the Fireside Fairies. European Magazine Vol. 77 June 1820 p 536. This epitaph to her friend Ann Flaxman (Titania), is loosely based on the first verse of Anna’s A Fairy’s Song of Appendix 2 (see page 36). Appendix 5. This is a transcription of a letter written by Anna Vardill in 1838, describing her experience as a passenger on an early inter-city train from Birmingham to London (see page 49). The letter is in the Flaxman collection at the British Library.
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